Descriptive Evaluation of Patients Receiving One-Time Intravenous Vancomycin Doses at a Large Academic Medical Center Emergency Department

Descriptive Evaluation of Patients Receiving One-Time Intravenous Vancomycin Doses at a Large Academic Medical Center Emergency Department

Authors: Kyle Schuchter, Donna M Shuler Truoccolo, William S Wilson, Greta Anton

Published in: American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2023 December 4

Conclusions:

  • The one-time administration of IV vancomycin prior to ED discharge, despite its lack of clinical efficacy and potential risks, remains common.
  • Opportunities exist for improved antimicrobial stewardship in the ED, focusing on the appropriate use of oral antimicrobials, especially for skin and soft tissue infections, and clarifying antibiotic allergies.

Methods:

  • Retrospective, descriptive analysis at a single center (January 2020 - January 2023).
  • Examined adult ED patients who received a single dose of IV vancomycin and were discharged without hospital admission.
  • Collected data on demographics, comorbidities, vancomycin indications and dosing, ED length of stay (LOS), initial vitals and labs, concurrent antibiotics, culture results, 30-day return visits and admissions, and discharge antibiotics.

Results:

  • 295 patients met the inclusion criteria.
  • 32.1% met Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) criteria.
  • "Skin and skin structure infection" was the most common indication (41%).
  • 86.1% received concomitant antibiotics in the ED; only 54.6% were prescribed oral antibiotics at discharge.
  • 80% had at least one culture obtained: 78.4% had negative cultures, 4.2% had MRSA-positive cultures (most commonly in skin cultures, 3.1%).
  • Return ED visits and admissions within 30 days did not significantly differ between patients who did and did not receive oral antibiotics at discharge.
Schuchter, K., Truoccolo, D.M.S., Wilson, W. and Anton, G., 2023. Descriptive evaluation of patients receiving one-time intravenous vancomycin doses at a large academic medical center emergency department. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine.
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